Pontes, Zélia Braz Vieira da Silva Ramos, Adriano Lira Lima, Edeltrudes de Oliveira Guerra, Maria de Fátima de Lacerda Oliveira, Neuza Maria Cavalcante Santos, Jozemar Pereira dos Also discussed is graph theory, one of the important mathematical methods used to analyze and describe network structure and function.Ĭlinical and mycological study of scalp white piedra in the State of ParaÃba, Brazil. His key point is made explicitly in the Abstract: "I argue that a network perspective should supplement the common strategy of understanding the brain in terms of individual regions." In his review, Pessoa covers a large range of topics, including how the network perspective changes the way in which one views the structure-function relationship between brain and behavior, the importance of context in ascertaining how a brain region functions, and the notion of emergent properties as a network feature. This is the topic that Luiz Pessoa expands upon in his thorough review of the paradigm shift that has occurred in much of brain research, especially in cognitive neuroscience. Comment on “Understanding brain networks and brain organization†by Luiz PessoaĪs the poet John Donne said of man - "No man is an island entire of itself every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main." - so the neuroscience research community now says of brain areas. If NCNs are uniquely composed of specific collections of brain areas, then each NCN has a unique function determined by that composition. However, he fails to consider the potential importance of a one-to-one mapping between NCNs and function. Pessoa rightly details the mapping between brain function and structure, emphasizing both its pluripotency (one structure having multiple functions) and degeneracy (many structures having the same function). Casting Luria in a modern light, we can say that function emerges from the interactions of brain regions in NCNs as they dynamically self-organize according to cognitive demands. The great Russian neuropsychologist, Luria, defined brain function as the common task executed by a distributed brain network of complex dynamic structures united by the demands of cognition. The term function is at the core of understanding the brain networks of cognition, or neurocognitive networks (NCNs). Pessoa has performed a valuable service by reviewing the extant literature on brain networks and making a number of interesting proposals about their cognitive function. Comment on “Understanding brain networks and brain organization†by Pessoa Dog owners should avoid having access to the street or contact with forest environments. The dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa are exposed to infections caused by T.
Access to the streets (OR = 4.60 95% CI = 1.74-12.20) and environments close to forested areas (OR = 2.79 95% CI = 1.32-5.93) were found to be risk factors for T. gondii, with titers ranging from 16 to 512. Among the 384 animals evaluated, 37 (9.6%) were positive for T. These two agents were diagnosed through the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFAT).
Blood samples were collected from 384 dogs that were attended at 34 veterinary clinics between April 2015 and May 2016. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of infections due to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum and corresponding risk factors among dogs attended at veterinary clinics in the city of João Pessoa, ParaÃba, northeastern Brazil. Risk factors and anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibody occurrence in dogs in João Pessoa, ParaÃba state, Northeastern Brazil.īrasil, Arthur Willian de Lima Parentoni, Roberta Nunes Silva, José Givanildo da Santos, Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido Azevedo, Sérgio Santos de
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